Dementia and Cognitive Impairments
Dementia
It’s common to experience occasional memory lapses as we age, and these are usually not a cause for concern unless they significantly impact daily life or are accompanied by confusion, hallucinations, or severe functional impairment. When memory issues escalate to these levels, it’s crucial to seek specialist evaluation.
Understanding Dementia
Dementia is a broad term for conditions that occur when brain neurons die or malfunction, affecting memory, behavior, and cognitive functions. Early signs often include difficulty remembering names or recent events, apathy, and depression. As dementia progresses, symptoms can worsen to include impaired judgment, disorientation, confusion, and challenges with speech, swallowing, and movement.
Types of Dementia
Dementia can be primary, such as Alzheimer’s, vascular, Lewy Body, or Frontotemporal dementia, or secondary to other diseases like Parkinson’s or Wilson’s disease. Because dementia often involves significant behavioral changes, early psychiatric involvement is essential. Early treatment can slow progression and potentially avoid premature nursing home placement.
Reversible Conditions
Some conditions mimic dementia but are reversible with appropriate treatment. These include depression, delirium (confusion due to medical conditions), medication side effects, thyroid problems, vitamin deficiencies, and substance abuse. Early psychiatric intervention can resolve these symptoms and restore normal functioning.
Our physicians, including those trained in geriatric psychiatry, offer expert care for cognitive and behavioral issues. We provide treatment in our outpatient practice, hospitals, and long-term care facilities, advocating for patients and educating communities we serve.
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